Nutrition and Childhood Obesity

There is a lot of talk these days about childhood obesity and why it seems that today's children are more overweight than the previous generations. The fact of the matter is that we live in time where things are constantly changing such as our jobs, the way we spend our time, and the way that we look. Obesity has been a major issue for many years in the United States. Children as well as adults suffer from obesity and the rates are increasing every year. Obesity can be a result of heredity, overeating, psychological disorders, other medical conditions, etc. but no matter what the cause is, it can lead to other problems. One out of five children in American schools are obese due to poor school lunch, fast food restaurants, and sedatary lifestyle without exercise and lack of parental involvement. Adult and childhood obesity have increased substantially in the last 30 years. Currently, 31% of adults and 18% of children are obese, as defined by their body mass index (BMI). One of the mai n factor that is causing obesity in children, is the quality of food in our school systems.School cafeterias are serving canned foods with high sugar content, fried chicken nuggets and soda machines in the hallway. The meals that are currently available to our children are not healthy enough to eat. . The school cafeteria are feeding children food that has high amount of fat and carbohydrate content, not to mention the vending machines that are stocked with potato chips,candy,soda and baked goods that are loaded with high calories and sodium. The children need full course nutritious meals to help them function in class and keep their energy levels high.In order for our children to make healthier choices, the products in the vending machine should be replaced with snacks such as fruit, crackers, raisins and yogurt which are all healthy alternative. What I also see as a major contributor to obesity in children and adults is Fast Food Restaurants. Today people are so busy and they just aren't taking the â€Å"time† that's needed to prepare a healthy dinner. People are constantly on the go, and find it very convenient to pick up a Whopper at Burger King or a Hot Dog from Sonic. The Fast Food Restaurants are a billion dollar industry and a quick fix for people on the go.The convenience of the fast food industry allows working people to gather food for their family, when they are in a time crunch. The people view this as a time saver, but in reality, they are harming themselves and their family by not cooking healthy meals. The calories and high fat content in fast-food helps American to gain weight faster, also leads to health problems that include heart problems, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and stroke to avoid these problems as American we need to stop eating out and try to prepare healthy meals at home with organic food or regular food like in previous times.In my opinion they need to replace some of these restaurants with healthy organ ic restaurants around the world to eliminate some of this epidemic in obesity to keep Americans living longer. Another reason that our children are obese is that our children tend to stay inside and play video games and watch television for hours on end, rather than stepping outside and having fun or exercising. In many schools throughout the United States, there has been a decrease in the amount of free play or physical activity that children receive during school hours.Only about one-third of elementary children have daily physical education, and less than one-fifth have extracurricular physical activity programs at their schools. In order to live a well-rounded healthy lifestyle physical activity should be incorporated into a child’s daily activities. Exercise helps children build strong bones and muscle and helps fight against obesity. Parental involvement in the prevention of childhood obesity is very important.The problem is that many parents don't fully understand the problem themselves nor have a good understanding of what it takes to start your child off right with a healthy life. Parent involvement is very important in the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity. The positive influence helps to teach the child healthy behaviors that will help them to make healthy food choices. Teaching your child healthy eating habits is one of the basic and easiest childhood obesity prevention tips.When your child knows the importance of eating proper amounts of food, drinking enough water and then playing well, you won't have to bother about obesity at all. Parent has to become involved by monitoring their children’s eating habits. The parents can prepare healthy meals by eliminating bad fats from their children’s diets. The parents could prepare lunch using meats lean meats and products low in fat and salt like ham, turkey, fish and chicken, while make sure that they are not forcing them to eat too much.Childhood obesity prevention, can start by preparing delicious foods such as French fries, potato skins, pizzas, nachos, desserts, etc. , at home, to keep them from overeating these foods from outside. Kids get tempted to eat junk very easily, and in order to control this, prepare these meals at home so you won't have to bother about junk cravings! Last but not least, we need to address all these programs out-hear that is associated with weight loss; weight is approved for safe weight loss by the food and Drug Administration, weight loss supplement is a joke.Some companies advertise all these weight loss programs that do not work on Americans but getting rich off the poor and wealthy, â€Å"pills and diet plans promising to help shed pounds in days have made the weight loss industry more than $62 Billion a year business. The Doctors knows some of the plans don’t work but they don’t care all they see is a dollar sign in front of their face, as Americans we need to educate our self on what plan works fo r use not what others say.In today society as Americans we need not to listen to some of the Doctor or advertisement, we will be in some much debt about time you realize that you are broke and some of these diet plans didn’t work at all. In my opinion as American we need to do this plan the old fashion way without medication to help use loss weight. (1) Cardio is the key work keep the hearting pumping in-order to loss the weight (2) weight-train help you to get tone and burn fat. (3) Swimming is the best exercise because it works all the muscle (4) Eat six times a day, morning meal, snack, lunch, snack, dinner, snack

Patterns of Knowing

Explain the various patterns of knowing as they influence theory construction or development in nursing: In 1978, Barbara Carper identified four types of knowing in nursing. The first type is called empiric knowing and represents knowledge that is verifiable, objective, factual, and research based. The second type called ethical knowing provides us with knowledge that is about what is right and wrong and what are good and bad, desirable and undesirable. The third type of knowing is labelled aesthetic knowing. It gives us the knowledge that focuses on the art of nursing – tacit knowledge, skill and intuition. Also, there is personal knowing and this represents knowledge that focuses on self-consciousness, personal awareness and empathy. Chinn & Kramer (2008) mention an additional pattern of knowing labelled emancipatory knowing The fundamental reason for developing knowledge in nursing is for the purpose of creating expert and effective nursing practice. It is through inquiry processes for each pattern that knowledge is formulated for the discipline. The main concept of knowledge is that all patterns of knowing form an integrated whole, and the whole of knowing is essential as a basis for best practices in nursing. Chinn & Kramer(2008) states failure to develop knowledge integrated within all of the patterns of knowing leads to uncritical acceptance, narrow interpretation, and partial utilization of knowledge which is called â€Å"the patterns gone wild†(p. 20). Chinn & Kramer (2008) also states that a shift to a balance in knowledge development to reflect each of the patterns of knowing in nursing holds potential to bring the realm of knowledge development and the realm of practice together. Bringing together â€Å"knowing† and â€Å"doing† is praxis-the synchronous, thoughtful reflection and action to create a desired future of emancipatory change. Images of a desired future are not confined to any one pattern but rather are reflected in all knowing patterns (p. 22). If we as a discipline fail to integrate all patterns of knowing to further develop nursing theories and knowledge, the gap between knowledge and practice will never lessen. References: Chinn, P. L. & Kramer, M. K. (2008). Integrated Theory and Knowledge Development in Nursing (7th ed. ) St. Louis, MO: Mosby Elsevier

International Capital Markets and Finance Essay

International Capital Markets and Finance - Essay Example In a foreign exchange contract one member agrees to sell and the other agrees to buy at a future date at an exchange rate which is prevailing at the time of agreement. Such contracts can involve a foreign currency of the party involved against the domestic currency or any other foreign currency as might be found appropriate. Generally, in a forward exchange contract the two parties in consideration are the concerned bank and the customer. While forward exchange contracts are generally accepted, currency futures are preferred more due to their innate characteristic of flexibility which we will take up subsequently. The forward currency market is comprised of the following players. "A forward contract is an agreement to buy or sell an asset on a specified date for a specified price. One of the parties to the contract assumes a long position and agrees to buy the underlying asset on a certain specified future date for a certain specified price. The other party assumes a short position and agrees to sell the asset on the same date for the same price. Other contract details like delivery date, price and quantity are negotiated bilaterally by the parties to the contract" (Securities Market). (b) Critically evaluate the potential risks each of these participants face when dealing in the forward exchange markets, particularly in the current financial crisis, and discuss what strategies can be used to manage such risks. The following problems/risks are common to all forward market across the world. Lack of centralization of trading, Illiquidity, and Counterparty risk The basic problem/risk with forward contract is that they are neither standardized nor liquid. This results in too much flexibility and generality and lack of confidence among participants. A forward contract for a currency can be made by any two parties on the basis of their mutual understanding. The counter party risk arises from this non-standardized form of agreement. The high chance of counter party risk of this form of derivative made to think about alternative tools like options and futures. In a forward exchange contract, when one of the two parties to the transaction is declared bankruptcy, the other is bound to suffer. Even when forward markets trade standardized contracts, and hence avoid the problem of illiquidity, still the counterparty risk remains a very serious issue. Banks Banks play a major role in the derivative trading of a country. In a forward market for currencies, banks role is to grant short term financial arrangements to the original parties involved in the transaction. In a forward exchange market, the buyer undertakes to purchase a certain amount of a foreign currency against his/her domestic currency at an agreed exchange rate. In case the rate is not favourable to him in the future, he will incur an opportunity loss, which ultimately affects the banks from where the buyer arranged the financial resource. Speculators They are traders with a view and objective of making profits. They are willing to take risks on the anticipation of making profit out of the exchange rate fluctuations. They are making the scene most badly as their involvement will affect the genuine transactions and parties. The risk

The function and mechanism of AlkB Research Paper

The function and mechanism of AlkB - Research Paper Example Iron is known to interfere in the assays due to instability of AlkB/Fe+2 complexes in aerobic conditions; a problem that is overcome by replacing iron with other metals or performing assays under anaerobic conditions. The presence of iron bound to 2-oxoglutarate in the core of the enzyme has been established through over expression and isolation of native protein. Like all other Fe(II)/2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase superfamily enzymes AlkB too has a metal center exhibiting a UV-Vis band range of 52-580nm; that in absence of DNA is a five coordinate Fe2 center and changes to six coordinate center in presence of single stranded DNA. Like other members of the superfamily, AlkB too has a core jelly roll fold that is formed of 8 beta strands at the carboxy-terminus. The catalytic domain is contained within the carboxy-terminus; however additional features for substrate specificity lie outside the catalytic domain and the jelly roll fold. At the N-terminus additional beta strands an d alpha helices form a support scaffold for the catalytic domain and also the outer walls of Binding groove for DNA/RNA. In addition to these and many other structural similarities of AlkB to other members of Fe(II)/2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase superfamily; certain characteristics unique to AlkB include nucleotide binding lid, flipping mechanism motif. A common double stranded beta helix (DSBH) fold comprising of a large and a small beta sheet with iron core in between has the enzymes’ conserved residues. The first of the two distinct regions of DSBH includes a highly conserved iron binding region H131XD133XH187, wherein iron is bound to the 2-oxoglutarate in a bidentate form. The DSBH present the substrate binding site interacting exclusively with the damaged DNA/RNA strand through 2 amino terminal alpha helices and beta sheet loops that form a secondary structure called ‘lid’ (nucleotide recognition lid) over the active site. The flexible conformation o f the lid allows it its amino acids (Thr51, Tyr76 and Arg161) to bind to varied alkyl groups on its nucleotide substrates through H-bonding to phosphate group in the nucleotide backbone. As a consequence of this interaction the catalytic core of the AlkB, the enzyme loses its flexibility; undergoes a conformational change that disallows oxygen to reach the active site thereby preventing the oxidation of iron. It can thus be proposed that DNA binding if occurring after iron would lead to access of oxygen to active site. DNA/RNA repair mechanism of AlkB involves oxidative demethylation of nucleotides at the site of lesion which is accomplished through hydroxylation of methylated bases through oxidative decarboxylation of 2-oxoglutarate in the enzyme core. The latter as result is converted to succinate and CO2, and methyl group is released as formaldehyde. Though the actual mechanism is yet to be established, on the basis of studies on another enzyme of the same superfamily, TauD; the probable mechanism involving an oxidative intermediate to Trp178 has been proposed. The mechanism also verified through in vitro assays on purified AlkB involves the binding of Fe2 and 2-oxoglutarate to the enzyme core followed by binding of methylated middle base to the ‘lid’. This allows oxygen to reach the iron and form nucleophillic superoxo anion (OÂ ­2-) –Fe3. This then forms a bridged peroxo-type intermediate along with 2-oxoglutarate, that through decarboxylation of 2-oxoglutarate and cleavage of O2 forms Fe4-oxygen intermediate. Coupled to oxygen cleavage is formation of succinate and CO2 from 2-oxoglutarate. The intermediate on the other hand hydoxylates the methyl group at the nucleotide forming

Juvenile Offenders with Life Sentences Research Paper

Juvenile Offenders with Life Sentences - Research Paper Example Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that to take a life through a forced confinement for the period of that life is as cruel and unusual for someone who cannot form mature intent as it is to forfeit that life. A proposed study of the effects of this sentence on these offenders will allow for a better understanding of the effects of the imposed consequence of their criminal actions. A review of secondary research provides overwhelming evidence that a moratorium on life sentences without parole is reasonable, Constitutional, and globally supported. As well, the effects on both the offender and on the community create support for this end to life without parole for these offenders. The proposed study would allow for offenders who have experienced adult prisons with no hope for release to come forward and share their stories with a researcher so that a better understanding of the real-life consequences can be studied and analyzed. The study of children who have been given life sentences within the United States brings to light a great need for further work to be done to realize the full impact of this practice. There is a glaring gap in the literature concerning juvenile delinquency about the effects of lifelong incarceration on children. The psychological differences between that of an adolescent mind and that of a mature adult have been disregarded where these instances are concerned and heinous consequences have been levied against children due to mandatory minimums and blind justice laws. Because of this neglect, penal institutions are ill-equipped to handle the special needs of an adolescent within the adult prison system, depriving these children of proper care and resources that are necessary for growth. In creating a study that looks at the experiences of children who have been sentenced to life without parole, the support for the abolition of this practice can be established through real-life experiences. On the other hand, the experiences might also show that life in an adult prison for these offenders is no crueler than it is for those who as adults are sentenced to life without parole. The secondary research supports the abolishment of this practice, however, and it is hoped that further study of the situation from an experiential point of view will support the hypothesis. In discovering the real-life stories of these children who grow into adulthood behind bars, researchers can better determine how to recommend change and growth within the juvenile justice system.

Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Education - Essay Example Thus, repeated experiences of teaching different topics and observing lectures and sessions being taken emphasized the understanding within the Physicist that the general notion of understanding among the teacher-to-be was that the meaning of learning something was only to memorize it word by word, knowing every single definition by heart. But the core understanding of any of those things was unimportant to them. Absence of actual understanding led to the inability of the students to relate the physics concepts to practical situations. Certain words or ideas that appear frequently are ‘learn’, ‘meaning’ etc. The physicist is trying to emphasize that knowing something is not merely memorizing it but it actually requires concepts to be understood in practical perspectives especially when it comes to physics. The most important binaries that the author sets up are mentioning the Brazilian teachers-to-be to the mainstream system of the country itself. Another im portant binary that the physicist mentions is that of mentioning the US government officials to be as naive as the Brazilians who were unaware of the deficiency in their system. As the officials fail to realize the essence of Robert’s analysis he considers the US officials to be educated in a similar superficial manner in which the Brazilians are being educated. I think the text sarcastically points out the general nature of the Brazilian people. If it is the matter of learning Physics that is dealt such superficially then it must be the same with all the other subjects and even official state related matter. This is because the officials that would eventually come out of such a learning system would not let any such peers survive who may be learned enough to raise... This paper approves that about the topic of the essay Feynman believes that it was very clearly deceiving. He was alarmed to realize that Brazilian personnel who were being trained as teachers were hardly aware of the core concepts of practical Physics and had only learned word to word the exact text in the books instead of ever realizing the meaning of that text. Absence of actual understanding led to the inability of the students to relate the physics concepts to practical situations. This essay makes a conclusion that if it is the matter of learning Physics that is dealt such superficially then it must be the same with all the other subjects and even official state related matter. This is because the officials that would eventually come out of such a learning system would not let any such peers survive who may be learned enough to raise points of objection upon their modes of conduct. Since the entire Brazilian system is the resultant of a single educational system running throughout the country, it would behave just as similar to the larger in majority students who would suppress any others who would like to raise questions during lectures. They would refer to this question raising action as a deviation from learning not only for the student itself but also for all those others around him. So, the text may seems to be entirely about the knowing of something not as merely as learning it superficially, but in reality it was a critical analysis of the perspective o f the people of Brazil and specially the higher ups of the system of the state.

Online privacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Online privacy - Essay Example As the Internet grew and technology becomes more sophisticated, advertisers found that they had fertile ground to hawk their products. If you have a laptop, "hot links" can be found in most fast food restaurants, hospitals or airports. Today, information is accessible from anywhere. Advertisers can also use consumer information to market specifically to their hobbies and interests. Social networking has created more challenge to privacy (36) because anyone who takes part in it has their information availably through search engines. "Personal websites, blogs, social networks and Twitter people are sharing too much information about their lives" (935). It only takes a few mouse clicks and this information can be broadcasted all over the world. No one is safe whether they are a grandmother or grandfather or a small child; if they are on the Internet, someone can find them. Many people think that if they stay away from the social networking sites they are safe. However, the article states that people are being tracked anyway by advertisers who surf the Internet for people who are looking for their products. A frightening fact of this practice was that they do not only find out the search words that were searched, but they can find out the dates that people searched and the time; they can also find the computer that the information came from to more directly target their consumers (935). Many advocates of more controls for the Internet suggest that there should be changes in the laws that govern the Internet but reform efforts are very slow (941). Instead of waiting for reforms, citizens must take charge of their own online privacy. In this readers opinion, it is very important for people to take control of their own privacy online. One of the challenges to better controls over the Internet information is that many people like the fact that they can share everything with the world. This creates a hassle for those

Poverty, Hunger, and Homelessness Research Paper

Poverty, Hunger, and Homelessness - Research Paper Example Poverty, Hunger, and Homelessness According to Nelson, the climate change is one of the roots of poverty among communities. This is because it results in hunger, droughts, and floods. Lack of shelter is a global challenge and comes from an inadequate income which does not allow people to afford the available housing. Conflicts, overpopulation, natural disasters are among the factors that lead to hunger, poverty, and homelessness in underdeveloped countries. Criteria of Poverty and Homelessness Poverty may not always refer to the lack of financial resources only. Poverty goes beyond the amount of money that one owns. Several measures that constitute the criteria for identifying poverty among people have come up. The measurement and analysis of the poverty level proves its significance for analytical, cognitive, and policy-making purposes, as well as for evaluating and monitoring purposes. Various concepts of well-being exist, and this report focuses on three of its aspects. Firstly, the poverty state where an individu al possesses inadequate resources to meet their daily needs. It is based on the comparison of individual’s income, consumption, education, and other constituents. Secondly, this report focuses on inequality in the distribution of income among the population. This argument is based on evaluating the premise that in the society individuals occupy different positions. Finally, the welfare-being evaluation of the overall level of inequality, in terms of monetary and non-monetary dimensions of the population, shows the poverty level (Coundouel 77). The World Bank estimates that in developing countries, millions of families survive on 1.25 dollar a day or less. In addition, it indicates that poverty and hunger results from poor economic and political systems in a country. The federal government uses the income threshold to establish the poverty level in a community. The Census Bureau for Statistical Purposes uses the thresholds to establish poverty. According to Coundouel (78), the government classifies people according to â€Å"their residence, ethnicity, and other demographic characteristics†. A state of homelessness is when a person does not have a permanent residence. Poverty Level in Terre Haute According to the United States Bureau of Statistics and Census, the poverty level in Terre Haute is estimated at 25.2%. Indiana ranges around 14% when compared to the national poverty level of 15%. According to Nelson (24), the poverty level in Terre Haute exceeds Indiana’s average and the national average. The Indiana’s government uses a below the poverty line as an economic benchmarking and a poverty threshold. This shows that a majority of the population lives in poverty. Homelessness Level in Terre Haute Homelessness in Terre Haute is at seven percent with Indiana’s homelessness at eleven percent. The high rate of homelessness is immensely contributed to by inadequate finances and inadequate incomes which do not allow people to aff ord building of good housing. The National Shelter Shelter rate comparison between Terre Haute and Indiana shows that Indiana rates exceed those of Terre Haute. Fifty eight percent of homeless people in America live in shelters and makeshift housing. The financial and economic crisis in America has led to the increasing rate of poverty and hunger. In 2011, over seventeen million people faced a crisis of food shortage. Arguably, the poverty level in America ranged around fifteen percent in the same year of 2011. The United

Hazardous Materials Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hazardous Materials Assignment - Essay Example shipment, mitigate the effects of accidents causing the spillage of the hazardous chemical to the environment, and prevent the personnel from accidentally inhaling or ingesting the product: Containment vehicles or trucks will be attached with unobscured markings of chemical name â€Å"Arsenic† and labeling with corresponding photo for â€Å"POISON† with white background using durable materials, as well as coloring the containment unit with colors that contrast the labels, as prescribed in  §172.304 and  §172.430. Bulk transport of arsenic is allowable under  §173.242 through the use of intermediate bulk containers (IBC’s) made out of metal or rigid plastic that meet the passing rate of performance standards such as bottom lift, top lift, stacking, and drop tests as mentioned in  §178.803. Other materials neither are nor recommended due to possible sifting or leakage. It is thus recommended that IBC’s be used to contain the multiple packages of the chemical while inside the delivery

Assianment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Assianment - Assignment Example No Man’s Land focuses our sights on the human side of the war as the men of Newfoundland Regiment reminisce the time when they saw the war as an adventure and an opportunity to seek glory for themselves and their country. They were told that the war would last only for a year and they would be coming home just in time for Christmas. They were proud volunteers then as many other soldiers were. The memories of their march past cheering crowds through the streets of St. Johns and into the transport Florizel was all fresh to them. War for them was an adventure. That view changed ever since the news of McWhirter’s death, the first Newfoundland man killed, was made known. Now, Second Lieutenant Alan Hayward, Martin and the rest of the men find themselves anxiously waiting for the moment when they would step out of the trenches and assault the enemy. They cower under the protection of their makeshift bunkers as the enemy artillery barrage pummels their position. All of them knew that at any time they could end up dead or dying. The men longed for home and were frustrated by the lack of knowledge of what lies ahead of them but in spite of these, they stand resolutely on the fire steps glancing at their pocket watches and waiting for the zero hour. In reading the book, we become enticed with how Kevin Major effectively portrayed the unnatural quiet before the storm. Major was also equally effective in portraying the camaraderie as the men on Newfoundland Regiment fight to make it through the barbed wire, deadly sweep of machine-gun bullets and grenades. In spite of their heroic efforts, the area known to be as no man’s land proved to be the graveyard for two hundred and seventy-two young men from the Newfoundland Regiment. It was the greatest casualty for any other unit in the battlefield. On that morning of July 1, 1916, the communities in Newfoundland lost many of its men who would have been their future leaders. The attempt to drive the enemy

Barriers to entry into foreign markets Essay Example for Free

Barriers to entry into foreign markets Essay It is completed near the end of your first year of entry into the country market. One must identify and prepare for Trade Events. Trade shows, international buyer programs, matchmaker trade delegations programs or a catalog exhibition program can lead to tremendous international opportunities . Methods of foreign market entry Methods of foreign market entry include exporting, licensing, joint venture and off-shore production. The method you choose will depend on a variety of factors including the nature of your particular product or service and the conditions for market penetration which exist in the foreign target market . Exporting can be accomplished by selling your product or service directly to a foreign firm, or indirectly, through the use of an export intermediary, such as a commissioned agent, an export management or trading company. International joint ventures can be a very effective means of market entry. Joint ventures overseas are often accomplished by licensing or off-shore production. Licensing involves a contractual agreement whereby you assign the rights to distribute or manufacture your product or service to a foreign company. Off-shore production requires either setting up your own facility or sub-contracting the manufacturing of your product to an assembly operator. Barriers to entry into foreign markets The main trade barriers to any foreign market include: Psychological barriers in foreign exchange markets Traders adjust their anchors in two ways. Some believe that exchange rates move toward (perceived) fundamentals, while others bet on a continuation of the current exchange rate trend. The behavior of the traders causes complex dynamics. Since the exchange rate tends to circle around its perceived fundamental value, the foreign exchange market is persistently misaligned. Central authorities have the opportunity to reduce such distortions by pushing the exchange rate to less biased anchors, but to achieve this; they have to break psychological barriers between anchors. High import tariffs inclusive of restrictions related to national security Tariffs are taxes that raise the price of a good when it is brought into another country. Tariffs and import quotas form the toughest barriers. Seventy percent of respondents say tariffs on goods and services are the most effective form of protectionism, followed closely by import quotas (68%). But this is by no means the whole story: 45% say that artificially undervalued exchange rates do much to boost the competitiveness of local firms, while 59% cite subsidized competitors as a major barrier. Many also noted the challenges of informal protectionism, such as local firms convincing government officials to block the approval of licenses. Quota systems in Japan: The tariff quota system charges a lower duty rate (primary duty rate) on imports of specific goods up to a certain quantity, but a higher duty rate (secondary duty rate) on quantities exceeding that volume. This system protects domestic producers of similar goods but also benefits consumers with the lowest tariff rates possible. The tariff quota volume for each allocation can be applied in one of two ways: according to the order in which the request was received, or according to prior allocations. Japan utilizes the prior allocation method. The tariff quota system does not restrict direct imports, since imports can be made without a tariff quota certificate, provided high duty is paid. Regarding footwear, quota allocations to individuals or companies are based on historical trade performance in the importation of footwear. Japan has allocated quota not to quota traders but to footwear importers, so business can take place as per footwear importers requirements. At the same time, new importers can acquire special quota for new importers. The Government of Japan implements this system in accordance with governmental regulation. Therefore, Japan believes that new importers have opportunities to obtain quotas under the current quota allocation system. Unfavorable foreign rules regulations Voluntary export restraints limit the quantity of a good brought into a country, but they are initiated by the country producing the good, not the country receiving the good. Federal, state, and local governments sometimes restrict entry into markets by requiring firms to have licenses. The Federal Communications Commission, for example, grants licenses to radio and television stations; there simply arent enough frequencies for an unlimited number of firms to broadcast in any area. For safety reasons, all nuclear power plants are licensed as well. Governments also bar entry by giving firms exclusive rights to a market. The U. S. Postal Service, for example, has an exclusive right to deliver first class mail. Firms are sometimes given exclusive rights to do things like operate gas stations along toll roads, produce electricity, or collect garbage in a city. Exclusive rights are granted if a government believes that there is room for only one firm in a market. Until the 1980s, the federal government also restricted entry into the airline, trucking, banking, and telecommunications industries. Many of the laws that restricted entry into these industries were put into place in the 1930s, when many people believed that large firms needed to be protected from cutthroat competitors. Many economists now believe that these laws did more harm than good. In 1938, for example, the Civil Aeronautics Board, or CAB, was established to regulate the airline industry for interstate flights. For the forty years that it existed, it didnt allow a single new firm to enter the market, although it received over 150 applications for routes. In 1978, despite protests from the airlines, President Carter ordered the deregulation of the industry and the phasing out of the CAB. Within five years, 14 new firms entered the industry. Many experts believe that airline fares after deregulation were well below what they would have been had regulation continued. For instance, take China as an example. China’s government has set policies that are posing great challenges for foreign investors. China’s regulatory framework for cross-border remains a complex and incomplete patchwork of laws, regulations and policy decisions made by various ministries and government agencies. A lack of transparency, coupled with low standards of corporate transparency and disclosure, makes it difficult for potential investors to carry out due diligence to accepted international standards. Valuing the potential liabilities of a firm is especially difficult. At the same time, the Chinese government continues to close off so-called â€Å"strategic assets† to cross-border without specifying which sectors are defined as strategic, or why. To address these issues and remove other obstacles to cross-border deals, it is recommended for China to: †¢ Streamline the approval process for cross-border and make it more transparent; †¢ Put in place a sound competition framework; †¢ Further open its capital markets to foreign investors; †¢ Encourage its firms to increase corporate transparency and provide more up to date and accurate financial information to make it easier to value a potential acquisition, especially regarding a firm’s liabilities; Relax foreign ownership restrictions. In particular, revise existing catalogues that list the type of firms that can or cannot be acquired by foreign investors. The report also recommends that China pilot these recommendations in the North-East of the country before rolling them out nationwide. This region, China’s historical industrial heartland, has a high concentration of state-owned firms in need of restructuring and technological upgrading, as well as high unemployment and low productivity. Cross-border could help rejuvenate the region’s economy. Free Trade Policy Policy in which a government does not discriminate against imports or interfere with exports. A free-trade policy does not necessarily imply that the government abandons all control and taxation of imports and exports, but rather that it refrains from actions specifically designed to hinder international trade, such as tariff barriers, currency restrictions, and import quotas. The theoretical case for free trade is based on Adam Smiths argument that the division of labor among countries leads to specialization, greater efficiency, and higher aggregate production. The way to foster such a division of labor, Smith believed, is to allow nations to make and sell whatever products can compete successfully in an international market.

Adventure Outing For Employees Tourism Essay

Adventure Outing For Employees Tourism Essay Adventure Outing Quick fix for your stressed out employees If you take a bunch of people and put them in a challenging place, letting their potential to shine, and their positive energies to blend and if you have an exceptionally good trainer along, the results achieved at the end of it all benefit each member. With this philosophy corporate should send their employees for outings. Adventure trips for employees focus on rejuvenating and recommitting to your employ companys goals. It provides opportunity for people to learn to lead and initiate. The outings that are offered these days are designed keeping the working lifestyle of people in mind. The activities in a corporate outing are refreshing, fun and creative. It is like a holiday devoid your family members with an intention to create good energy in the group and spread a flavor of positivism which stays even after the trip. A few gains for employees from these trips are as follows. Companys interest After recruiting an employs a companys job to keep him onboard begins. In todays time of financial crisis loss of a skilled employee means loss in business. To stop that from happening, companies send their employees for outings periodically. These outings are organized keeping in mind the aim to enhance the skills of their employees. Each outing is chalked out in order to bring out certain level of confidence, raise self esteem and build team work. In the whole process employees also develop number of other qualities. They are Effective decision making through problem solving Employees are asked to gather in groups and play games which would highlight how much they are compatible with each other. These games are aimed at eliminating mental blocks people have and give them a new way of thinking. Apart from teaching all these activities there is lot of fun and laughter where colleagues bond strongly. Adventure activities Adventure activities bring about co-ordination in the group. Unknowingly people learn to make decisions and solve problems. They forget about work pressure and the openness in the environment gives them great opportunity to grow and flourish. The team building exercises that are carried out give employees a lot of time to gel with the mates in a fun way. When people meet in an environment other than offices they discover more about each other. There are talks other than deadlines and projects which are quiet a refreshing. That is what exactly adventure activities do. Adventure sports like rock climbing, rappelling or even strenuous hiking take your mind of general worries of home and family. The sweat and exhaustion is good for your health and mind. Adventure outings are the best way for people who have 9-5 jobs to get away from it and forget about it only to bounce back with a new vigor and bag of ideas.

The degradation of women

The degradation of women In society, females are degraded and denied the dignity and respect that men receive. For generations (and especially in under-developed countries) women have been denied access to equal opportunities, in cases of reading, writing, voting, family decision-making and career development. This inequality has been facilitated by cultural, religious and political barriers, and historically, women have been considered as the weaker sex, incapable of making rational and abstract decisions. Barriers to opportunities and sexist assumptions have caused women to become slaves within the male-dominated society. The equality of women vary across countries and cultures, as an example: in Arab countries, with high levels of Islam, women are denied access to leadership, management, and political positions, and, in turn, misrepresenting and denying them from decision-making processes. In China, the top political positions are choked with males. These traditions endanger females to male manipulation and control, limiting their opportunities. This affects women on an individual basis, and on the macro, societal environment, as they are unable to contribute to their families or wider circumstances. It is contended that the status of women must change, to be granted equal opportunities. This assessment will analyze The Handmaids Tale by Margaret Attwood, discussing the socio-political sphere of female inequality, and its relation to contemporary society. Overview of Topic In The Handmaids Tale, Attwood presents a dystopian world in which women are subjected to a variety of horrific treatments. Women are denied access to reading and writing and allowed only certain hobbies, such as gardening.   They are attached to men, and considered objects for child production, and expected to be loyal and submissive to their male counterparts, or masters, being rebellious is considered a serious crime with serious repercussions. Women have designated roles, dependent on their age, social status and ability to have children, placed into roles such as Wives, Handmaids, Jezebels and Marthas. The book takes place in the Republic of Gilead, which promotes male chauvinism and female degradation. The society in religious based, where values placed on the women are on the basis of their ability to reproduce. In this novel, the ideas of feminism have been warped. The new, religious political order dislikes the freedom of females, especially in areas of sex and contraception. The order believes that sex for pleasure, rather than reproduction, has led to infertility, and believes women are no longer treated with respect.   In contemporary society, feminism and female activism have increased, to afford the rights and privileges of women and remove the degradation of men. This has given women access to equal opportunities in a variety of aspects, including employment, healthcare, and education. The removal of the patriarchal society will benefit the community.   Discussion In Attwoods book, the decreased birth rates has presumably come from social and environmental degradation, the after-effect of dangerous gases. In a time of fear, and no children, a military coup and presidential killing led to a new state, that took control on womens bodies. Divorces were considered null, and females were unable to have bank accounts, hold jobs, vote, or read. They were denied their independence, and their social status was changed to be based on their husband’s monetary value, or their own reproductive value. This tale represents the importance of female independence, and the value that objects and activities hold to their independence. Including education, rights, property ownership, contraceptive decision making and child custody. The right to be educated is one of the most important aspects of female equality. Education allows them to contribute to society, and gain independence. According to Wollstonecraft, the degradation of women stems from the assumption that they are weak, irrational, and incapable of abstract thought. Education will empower women to make rational and abstract decisions, changing society to consider women as equal. Education will enable women to play a critical and dignified role in society, eliminating the male-dominated stereotype that women are incapable of making important decisions. Another way that women will avoid being degraded in the society is by being well prepared role models who give a dignified and respectful education to their children and this is attributed to the fact that women are the main educators and up bringers of most children in the society as cop0atredto the male counterparts. Women from the primary educators of young children thus by women having a relevant level of education on the family matters and the roles they play in the society modeling skills will give them the best opportunity to offer dignified and respectful service to the society countering the traditional thinking that women are not good role models. Biased thought which was based on the fact that women were less educated and would give falsified information while educating the youngsters. Based on the past experience women have been neglected when it comes to education opportunities and that has made men to stereotype women as toys and objects to be used by men to satisfy the needs of male ego resulting in the degradation of the value of women in the society for generations. Therefore by women getting the expected level of education on family matters especially on upbringing and making correct choices will dignify their inevitable and necessary contribution to the growth and development of the society as a whole. In the traditional setting women had been taught from infancy that beauty is a womans sceptre and this has made their minds to shape themselves to the body imprisoning women from achieving the best of themselves in the society. They have been made to be rational companions to their husbands who solely focus on the outward accomplishments limiting their complete participation and contribution to the society and this ideology has made women to be degraded based on the stereotypic male performance in the society, thus educating women to certain levels of understating will boost their dignity and respect as they will be able to have enough resources that will yield more contribution of women into societal realms. Women should get the most perfect education that boosts their understanding strengthening both the body and their hearts; this will render them independent both ideally and philosophically hence able to earn respect and dignity from the society as they have the necessary elements of knowledge that promotes the cementing of the society. In the Handmaids tale women are seen to have a deeper sense of attachment beyond what men is able to see. For instance Offred when interacting with Moira and the wife of the commander, talking about her daughter and her mother she constantly shows the implication that women connect more deeply rather than just a casual interaction. This illustration brings in the concept of sensibility in women which I think if well considered will increase the dignity and respect that is accorded to women in the modern society. This is simply because women as a whole unit should be able to come together and inform each other on the best way forward in the society instead of depending so much on their feelings in making irrational decisions that leads them to being degraded. In the novel Handmaids tale the wife of the commander reports the handmaid to the eyes or the police to be punished possibly by death because she became jealous after finding out the dress that her husband had given to the handmaid while they visited the secret lounge where jezebels entertained the state officials. Her decision was made based on her feelings instead of thinking and such kind of habit results to women being degraded their dignity especially in the eyes of the society and men. Therefore in order for women to gain dignity and respect they must corporate as one unit in tackling the issues that affect them for example in the handmaids tale the wife of the commander secretly cooperates with the handmaid in making her sleep with the commanders chauffeur so that both women dont get expelled to the colonies and sure enough it worked quiet swell. Hence in the modern society when women act and consult each other with respect and sense instead of letting their feeling to control them will be able to be dignified and respected more in the society (Wollstonecraft, 89). In addition to that for women to be dignified they should consider themselves as equal entities when it comes to representation especially in the political circles where they will be able to contribute to decisions made by the politicians regarding the society at large. Thus by women ensuring they attain certain representation in the leadership realms they will be able to be involved in the decision-making process e.g. on gender rights. Such involvement will ensure that women get their deserved dignity in the society rather than being degraded simply because they dont have a say in everything that greatly affect them. This is seen in the handmaids tale in the Gilead era where women have no rights to voting and leadership except serving as reproductive objects. In the modern world women especially in the totalitarian regimes like in Arab countries degrades women through their leadership and political tactics as they restrict women in participating in political and leadership making them less of human beings and more of objects. Therefore by women increasing their involvement in leadership and political participation they will be able to be dignified and respected as equal human beings. Another level in which I think when women attain they will not be degraded is the issues that regard career and professionalism. Most women in the past generations have been believed to do best as housewives and servants of their families. In the handmaids tale women are categorized based on the services the do in the society e.g. the hand maids, house wives, jezebels and aunts. Such categorizing of women and stereotyping imply that they can only perform as subordinates; for example in the novel women are seen as people to be led by men. The element of women being left behind in career choice and performance for instance by taking the traditionally so called manly courses like sciences has made them victims of degradation (Wollstonecraft, 89). Therefore by women taking charge of their profession by choosing classy careers like medicine and law they will be able to earn themselves dignity and respect just as men do because their misrepresentation in the manly careers has made them to be viewed as a weaker sex incapable of being accorded dignity and respect. In the handmaids tale women are seen to be used as objects for the fulfillment of mens needs like sexual and reproductive benefits. The handmaids are basically used to give birth to children for the commanders and the elites in the Gilead society. In the modern society women have been degraded because they are not economically and financially independent thus often get married to depend on men for provision of basic needs and this habit has made them to be degraded as dependable. Thus by women using education and their careers to attain financial freedom will reduce their dependency on men in the society which will in turn earn them dignity and respect as they dont depend men to sustain their lives hence they can make personal decisions regarding the best choices for their lives. In Gilead era women were the subjects of men and had no right to any profession for instance the televangelist whose career in the pre-Gilead era made her a dignified woman the society was striped off making her to be handmaid who was regularly controlled by the males as she was made dependent. Without a respectable career and independence women become less dignified and render them as a weaker sex in the society (Atwood, 123). For women to be dignified and respected in the society they should be able to be involved in the making of family decisions. This include issues of child birth, property ownership, rights to divorce, child care, access to contraceptives and family panning methods, abortion issues and the issues of polygamy. In handmaids tale women were owned by men making them their property e.g. Offred was owned by Fred and she was responsible for keeping birth to children for Fred and they didnt contribute to such decision, also the monthly sex ritual was purely mans decision and Offred distasted it as it violated her natural rights and degraded both her and the wife of Fred. In the modern society women especially those unaware of their natural regarding family decisions have been forced to polygamy, having many children and even denied justice regarding decision making on family rights and equality. Such has made them to be degraded in the society and therefore by women attaining certain level of understanding of their rights on family decisions they will be able to be accorded more dignity and respect by the society especially the men because they can use the legal means to get justice anytime their dignity has been suppressed unfairly. The more women get involved in the making of family decision the more dignity they will be able to acquire.Overview of Topic Contrary to the modern world, In Handmaid tale by Margaret Attwood its clear that in her dystopian world women are subjected to horrific treatments at all level of the society in that women are not allowed to read any of writing like magazines and tabloids, think, play mind games like scrabble, create things of their own abilities like gardening. Instead they are denied opportunities that would otherwise liberate them from the mens enslavery hence becoming vulnerable to be used as property and objects my men. In addition to that women are not supposed to be talking or even act in a rebellious way towards men instead they are expected by the society to be loyal and submissive to the men domino in the state. In the novel women have the chief role of concentrating in ensuring that they achieve their designated roles based on their levels of castes eh as wives, hand maids, Jezebels and Marthas. All the happenings experienced in the republic of Gilead are attributed to a pervasive, physic al as well as social degradation in the pre-Gilead era that made men to change the societal and political policies to degrade women dignity and promote male chauvinism in the state. All the treatment accorded to women in the Gilead era are supposedly intended to show the value of women and increase their dignity in the society after it was heavily degraded in the pre-Gilead era. In the Gilead era women have their values charged based on their abilities to use sex for reproduction purpose rather than for leisure. In the modern world there has been an increased attention towards feminism and other female activism that had seen women accorded much rights and privileges which made them to be degraded in the society my men. This is mainly attributed to the increased levels of radical feminism that has depicted men as the cause of most of womens problems and suffering yet in reality women have increasing degraded as a result of the after math of the intensifying feminism in the pre-Gilead society. Out of the attention given to women affairs they have been enable to easily access contraceptives, abortion services and use of sex for pleasure leading to reduced population in the state. According to the Gilead generation such feminism had led to women being used by women as sex objects and property and therefore the new state was targeting at offering women with their lost dignity and respect. In the modern society women activism and feminism has increased and spread its effects to the more conservative and traditional societies empowering women to know their natural rights making them to carry out a revolution against the past injustices against them in the society. This has seen women access equal opportunities in alls aspects of life and more informed generation of women who sufficiently contribute to the growth and development of the society initially dominated by degrading men. Discussion In handmaids tale the result of decreased birth rates was presumably because of social and environmental degradation during the pre-Gilead era which led to coup that formed new state that took control of women bodies and used them chiefly for reproduction purposes. In attaining their goals the state denied women privileges of voting, reading, holding property and anything else that would make them independent and empowered thus promoting the mens ability to undermine their dignity. Therefore in the modern society its clear that women have to attain some level of various things in order to be dignified in the society. Some of these thing that women need to attain I order not to be degraded include being, educated, aware of their rights, regarding both state and family issues like birth, abortion, property ownership, child custody and decision making processes in issues that affects them. For a woman to be respected and dignified in the modern society one of the things that women should attain is their rights to be educated rationally thus giving them an opportunity of making a full contribution to societies they come from. According to Wollstonecraft women have been degraded by their societies simply because they have been assumed that they are weak beings who are not able to make rational or even abstract thought about the society. Therefore for them to be seen as equal beings who can contribute to the development of the society just as the way men do, they should attain certain level of education that will serve to empower them to make rational and abstract decisions that will steer their societies ahead thus making them to be respected and dignified as human beings. Therefore by women getting the appropriate education and training they will be able to play a critical and dignified role in the society which helps in eliminating the male stereotypic thinking that wo men are incapable of making societal decisions. When women get educated they are capable of thinking and acting as men contrary to the traditional assumption and hence success in the society resulting from educated women will help to reverse the biased thinking thus giving them a deserved dignity and respect from all quarters of the society. Another way that women will avoid being degraded in the society is by being well prepared role models who give a dignified and respectful education to their children and this is attributed to the fact that women are the main educators and up bringers of most children in the society as cop0atredto the male counterparts. Women from the primary educators of young children thus by women having a relevant level of education on the family matters and the roles they play in the society modeling skills will give them the best opportunity to offer dignified and respectful service to the society countering the traditional thinking that women are not good role models. Biased thought which was based on the fact that women were less educated and would give falsified information while educating the youngsters. Based on the past experience women have been neglected when it comes to education opportunities and that has made men to stereotype women as toys and objects to be used by men to satisfy the needs of male ego resulting in the degradation of the value of women in the society for generations. Therefore by women getting the expected level of education on family matters especially on upbringing and making correct choices will dignify their inevitable and necessary contribution to the growth and development of the society as a whole. In the traditional setting women had been taught from infancy that beauty is a womans sceptre and this has made their minds to shape themselves to the body imprisoning women from achieving the best of themselves in the society. They have been made to be rational companions to their husbands who solely focus on the outward accomplishments limiting their complete participation and contribution to the society and this ideology has made women to be degraded based on the stereotypic male performance in the society, thus educating women to certain levels of understating will boost their dignity and respect as they will be able to have enough resources that will yield more contribution of women into societal realms. Women should get the most perfect education that boosts their understanding strengthening both the body and their hearts; this will render them independent both ideally and philosophically hence able to earn respect and dignity from the society as they have the necessary element s of knowledge that promotes the cementing of the society. In the Handmaids tale women are seen to have a deeper sense of attachment beyond what men is able to see. For instance Offred when interacting with Moira and the wife of the commander, talking about her daughter and her mother she constantly shows the implication that women connect more deeply rather than just a casual interaction. This illustration brings in the concept of sensibility in women which I think if well considered will increase the dignity and respect that is accorded to women in the modern society. This is simply because women as a whole unit should be able to come together and inform each other on the best way forward in the society instead of depending so much on their feelings in making irrational decisions that leads them to being degraded. In the novel Handmaids tale the wife of the commander reports the handmaid to the eyes or the police to be punished possibly by death because she became jealous after finding out the dress that her husband had given to the handmaid while they visited the secret lounge where jezebels entertained the state officials. Her decision was made based on her feelings instead of thinking and such kind of habit results to women being degraded their dignity especially in the eyes of the society and men. Therefore in order for women to gain dignity and respect they must corporate as one unit in tackling the issues that affect them for example in the handmaids tale the wife of the commander secretly cooperates with the handmaid in making her sleep with the commanders chauffeur so that both women dont get expelled to the colonies and sure enough it worked quiet swell. Hence in the modern society when women act and consult each other with respect and sense instead of letting their feeling to control them will be able to be dignified and respected more in the society (Wollstonecraft, 89). In addition to that for women to be dignified they should consider themselves as equal entities when it comes to representation especially in the political circles where they will be able to contribute to decisions made by the politicians regarding the society at large. Thus by women ensuring they attain certain representation in the leadership realms they will be able to be involved in the decision-making process e.g. on gender rights. Such involvement will ensure that women get their deserved dignity in the society rather than being degraded simply because they dont have a say in everything that greatly affect them. This is seen in the handmaids tale in the Gilead era where women have no rights to voting and leadership except serving as reproductive objects. In the modern world women especially in the totalitarian regimes like in Arab countries degrades women through their leadership and political tactics as they restrict women in participating in political and leadership making th em less of human beings and more of objects. Therefore by women increasing their involvement in leadership and political participation they will be able to be dignified and respected as equal human beings. Another level in which I think when women attain they will not be degraded is the issues that regard career and professionalism. Most women in the past generations have been believed to do best as housewives and servants of their families. In the handmaids tale women are categorized based on the services the do in the society e.g. the hand maids, house wives, jezebels and aunts. Such categorizing of women and stereotyping imply that they can only perform as subordinates; for example in the novel women are seen as people to be led by men. The element of women being left behind in career choice and performance for instance by taking the traditionally so called manly courses like sciences has made them victims of degradation (Wollstonecraft, 89). Therefore by women taking charge of their profession by choosing classy careers like medicine and law they will be able to earn themselves dignity and respect just as men do because their misrepresentation in the manly careers has made them to be viewed as a weaker sex incapable of being accorded dignity and respect. In the handmaids tale women are seen to be used as objects for the fulfillment of mens needs like sexual and reproductive benefits. The handmaids are basically used to give birth to children for the commanders and the elites in the Gilead society. In the modern society women have been degraded because they are not economically and financially independent thus often get married to depend on men for provision of basic needs and this habit has made them to be degraded as dependable. Thus by women using education and their careers to attain financial freedom will reduce their dependency on men in the society which will in turn earn them dignity and respect as they dont depen d men to sustain their lives hence they can make personal decisions regarding the best choices for their lives. In Gilead era women were the subjects of men and had no right to any profession for instance the televangelist whose career in the pre-Gilead era made her a dignified woman the society was striped off making her to be handmaid who was regularly controlled by the males as she was made dependent. Without a respectable career and independence women become less dignified and render them as a weaker sex in the society (Atwood, 123). For women to be dignified and respected in the society they should be able to be involved in the making of family decisions. This include issues of child birth, property ownership, rights to divorce, child care, access to contraceptives and family panning methods, abortion issues and the issues of polygamy. In handmaids tale women were owned by men making them their property e.g. Offred was owned by Fred and she was responsible for keeping birth to children for Fred and they didnt contribute to such decision, also the monthly sex ritual was purely mans decision and Offred distasted it as it violated her natural rights and degraded both her and the wife of Fred. In the modern society women especially those unaware of their natural regarding family decisions have been forced to polygamy, having many children and even denied justice regarding decision making on family rights and equality. Such has made them to be degraded in the society and therefore by women attaining certain level of understanding of their rights on family decisions they will be able to be accorded more dignity and respect by the society especially the men because they can use the legal means to get justice anytime their dignity has been suppressed unfairly. The more women get involved in the making of family decision the more dignity they will be able to acquire.

The ‘Choose Cadbury’ Marketing Strategy Essay -- Business and Manageme

The ‘Choose Cadbury’ Marketing Strategy The ‘glass and a half’, corporate purple, and the Cadbury script has become synonymous with Cadbury. Cadbury Schweppes have used these design elements to great effect in developing the implication of goodness that this imagery suggests. In the late 1980s, another important element, known as ‘taste’ was emphasised. Regardless of national preferences about how chocolate should taste (e.g. dark chocolate is very popular to Europeans, whereas Australians prefer creamier milk chocolate), the implication was clear that, Cadbury Schweppes provides taste and texture that, appeals to all consumers. For example, Cadbury Miniature Heroes includes a variety of chocolates such as, dark milk chocolate (e.g. Cadbury Dairy Milk), creamier milk chocolate (e.g. Cadbury Dream), chocolate with trace of nuts (e.g. CDM Whole Nut), etc. In the early 1990s, further emphasise was made on ‘taste’. For example, the strapline ‘Chocolate is Cadbury’, which was built upon previous brand values, enables Cadbury to stake its claim and taking ownership of the term ‘chocolate’ and the chocolate eating experience. In the early 2000, Cadbury Schweppes introduced a new global marketing strategy, known as the ‘Choose Cadbury’. The ‘Choose Cadbury’ strategy was developed from a result of extensive research on consumer behaviour and awareness. The ‘Choose Cadbury’ strategy is a campaign that clearly shows how a brand can develop and how various messa...

The Relationship of Allegory of the Cave to Learning and Education Essa

The Relationship of "Allegory of the Cave" to Learning and Education The "Allegory of the Cave" is Plato's attempt to explain the relationship between knowledge and ignorance. Starting with the image of men in fetters that limit their movement and force them to look only ahead, this is the idea that all men and women are bound by the limits of their ignorance. Men and women are restricted by the limits of the education of their parents and the small amounts that can be culled from their environment. Images and shadows are representations of those things surrounding us that we see but do not understand because of our limited knowledge. As we obtain the ability to see things more clearly in the cave that is our ignorance, we start to then loosen the fetters that bind us and investigate the objects and images around us with our newly acquired mobility. Eyes that have seen nothing but darkness for so long are now fine-tuned to see even the smallest glimmer of light, or knowledge, in the far reaches of the cave. Constantly moving and gathering knowledge we observe that we are in fact m...

The Roles of Anglo-Saxon Women Essay -- Women Females Roles Essays

The Roles of Anglo-Saxon Women The roles Anglo-Saxon women played in their society depended on the status they had in their community. As in most cultures, the roles of women in Anglo-Saxon society included mother, wife, caregiver, and teacher. Because Anglo-Saxon women had many different roles, I will only focus here on marriage, divorce, and their daily life in their society. Where marriage was concerned, Anglo-Saxon women had the possibility of marrying anyone they chose. Sometimes marriages were arranged to keep peace between two clans, but the women still had the right to refuse the proposal. Since women could own land in this early culture, morgengifu (morning gifs) like land were given to a prospective the wife to persuade her to marry. Because husband and wife, if they wer...

Villain, Hero, or Victim?

Katie Parlier Villain, Hero, or Victim? Jay Gatsby is one of America’s most prized antagonists who the reader genuinely wants to believe in but his personae of a hero is falsely presented and admired. Characters are commonly placed in either the hero or villain category, but Gatsby is the exception because he exhibits more qualities of a victim. Gatsby has fallen victimized by Daisy’s guise. During the initial relationship between Daisy and Gatsby in Kentucky, Daisy continues to encourage Gatsby’s affections even though she knows that there is no future with Gatsby.Gatsby is not and will never be aristocratic and in his pursuit of the impossible, Gatsby loses his identity along the way. A victim is defined as a person who has been harmed or tricked, and Gatsby unquestionably falls prey to Daisy’s ability to â€Å"smash up things and creatures and then retreat back into her money or †¦ vast carelessness†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Before Gatsby and Daisy even met, Gatsby had set a goal to leave behind his poor roots and create a successful life full of wealth.Gatsby in the summer of 1924 has accomplished exactly that but because of his encounter with Daisy his initial dream changes and becomes further complicated because it now depends on the actions of another person. After Daisy and Gatsby’s month of romance, Gatsby has tacked on the ambition to not only become wealthy and successful for himself, but for the hope that Daisy will acknowledge his prosperity and select Gatsby as her husband. Daisy presents Gatsby with a false sense of hope because she knew all along that money was not enough, she must be involved with an aristocratic society.This fictitious sense of hope causes Gatsby to attain the maximum amount of money in the minimum amount of time; even it is accomplished in unsavory ways. Gatsby is victimized by Daisy’s lies and becomes a criminal just to satisfy Daisy’s needs. His criminal activity caused as a result by Daisy’s actions lead Gatsby into a downward spiral that is recognizable throughout the novel with the endless parties. Now that Gatsby has acquired his great wealth, he decides to attract Daisy by throwing ostentatious parties that attract people like kids flocking to the wonders of a circus.The never ending flamboyant parties become so vast, that the host morphs into a ghostlike entity with his presence known lurking around the parties every once in a while without being recognized as an actual man. Gatsby becomes this grand and mysterious socialite who not known by the own people who visit his house. His personality does not exist for the partygoers, so they have to create their own versions of the great Jay Gatsby. Gatsby does not bother with making friends while he is in West Egg because his only goal is to attract the attention of Daisy.Because he does not socialize, he has lived the life of a hermit creating new ways to fascinate Daisy while Daisy is out living her life without the slightest memory of Gatsby. Daisy does not acknowledge the presence of others unless they are some use to her, and manipulation and deceit towards Gatsby only continues to escalate as the novel progresses. The final victimized act of Gatsby’s life occurs when takes the blame for Daisy’s actions against Myrtle that eventually lead to his death. Just before Daisy’s hits Myrtle with Gatsby’s car, Daisy has chosen to stay with Tom because of Gatsby’s suspicious business practices.However Gatsby still believes that Daisy will come back to him because she never outright admitted to loving Tom. Just like Gatsby and Daisy’s month of love, Daisy is never able to tell Gatsby the truth and completely end her relationship with Gatsby because she likes the power. In both cases Gatsby is presented with the false sense of hope and once again becomes the victim of Daisy’s fun and games. Daisy is too selfish to realize that she is pla ying with someone’s life and her actions could have long term consequences to others.Up until the very end Daisy continues to manipulate Gatsby like an inconsiderate puppet master. She controls the strings of Gatsby’s life, but when things get messy Daisy takes the quickest way out, to remove her fragile societal image from the dubious situation. Daisy’s influence on Gatsby turned him from a strong-willed man who created a destiny to make himself a better man to a disappointed fool who modeled his life actions after the feelings of another. Gatsby has become the ultimate victim to the alluring qualities of a woman and never has the chance to recover.

Ethics Wall Mart Essay

1. What pecuniary impact do you think the suit of clothes could potenti all toldy rich person on Wal-Mart? Ans. Wal-Mart is the biggest or largest retail store in the conception. Naturally, their earning and employees atomic number 18 withal more comp atomic number 18d to other(a) corporate. The fount against the keep federation was non the guild require when they were facing other legal issues overmuch(prenominal) as the child labor and make forout of illegal immi bears. Six wo workforce who say women were set dishonor than the young-begetting(prenominal) compensate if they acquired equalize posts qualification and experience filed the casing. The six women who filed the good example against Wal-Mart are non all ask the company hold for the unfair execution exclusively also asking them to pay back and compensate for all 1.6 pistillate employees against whom Wal-Mart splitd. This would cost the company a spate because these 1.6 female workers were en human activityd to progresss, salary increment, readyings and other much(prenominal) subjects. To compensate or recuperate that much amount for that much workers would sure enough have a huge and major(ip) impact on the companys financial position. The other way in which this lawsuit could affect the companys financial position would be finished the transaction or sales. Other thing is the reputation and goodwill of the company.2. What are the major chaste complaints of the females suing Wal-Mart? Do you believe these moral complaints are justified? Why? Ans. major(ip) Complaints Difference in the promotion intrigue between male and female employees, The lower payment of wages and salaries to female employees even they were at same take aim with male employees, Unequal distribution of creationagement training among the male and female employees, Male lot a better job ap school principalee compared to women even they were equally qualified, ranked and experienced.Yes , I believe these complaints are justifiable because we female genital organ regulate from e rattling extremum that women were non treated fairly and equally. It wasnt that women lacked in anything or that they were unwilling to work, it was because they were woman. We gouge very well compete with men and in some cases may even shew better than them but it is act wish well this what is pulling the place of women down. The six women who sued Wal-Mart didnt sue for nothing they had physical cogent evidence and evidences of the discrimination laid upon them. well-nigh of the evidences were imbed in the employees records where by Richard Drogin, a statistical expert found out that employee at Wal-Mart was divided into two main groups, periodic employees who meshed the lower levels and salaried managers who occupied the higher levels.Compensation increases from one and only(a) level to the next. In 2001, salaried managers made intimately $50,000 a year charm hourly employ ees made $18,000. Drogin found out that not only 65% of hourly employees were women but also 33% of salaried managers effected women. So at both the point women earned slight than man. When we also get word upon the experience level, an average woman was outlying(prenominal) more experienced than an average man because women worked or stuck there for longer than men. Women despite having other responsibilities like raising a kid or managing the home, they put more where they work that is why they have less turnover rates. So this adds up to some other reason why the lawsuit was countenance or justifiable.3. What factors do you think susceptibility account for the discrepancies the Drogin report uncovered? Ans. The company took the women employees for granted. At first the founder surface-to-air missile Walton wanted equality but subsequently passing away the core protect was lost. The management took the women employees for granted so didnt feel the need to promote them.4 . What, if anything, do you think Wal-Mart should do to correct these discrepancies? Should the company demonstrate an affirmative action promotion program for female employees? If so, what should this program be like? Ans. 1) Work disparityHere I am talking about the actual work or labor work. Women at Wal-Mart seem to be working at par with men but still they are not paid at par. To compensate for the womens losses they could reduce their work conviction or they could allocate women to areas where minimum faculty is required. For example they could work at displaying of items, as a cashier, and such places where not much of hard labor is required.2) Facility such as Day CareWal-Mart is one of the biggest retail all over the world and they have lots of property they own. If they constituted some Day care focus for their employees particularly the female employees then those employees who have kids can drop their kids in those sum total and work carefree in the store. The perfume could be near the store and they could also charge some amount as charge but this could not only benefit the workers but also the company for could avoid unnecessary absenteeism3) Womens intimacyAn association called the Womens Association can be formed in each retail store so that female employees can come together to discuss their issues and forward suggestions and feedback. Such programs do not have to disturb their normal work time, it could be conducted once in all month or whenever major issues arise.4) bear on RespectAt Wal-Marts women were for the most part looked down and not given the measure they deserve. A woman may be somebodys mother, wife or sister. Men at Wal-Mart fail to see that and they criticized women of their looks, their past, succeeding(a) and their purpose in life. So therefore women should be given admire and treated equally. Yes definitely the company should institute an affirmative action in put to promote program for the female employee s. From my point of view, since the company is based in the joined States they should associate their program with the Statue of Liberty. That statue denotes the power of women and it signifies the right to freedom for all the U.S citizens. The title or the main theme of such program could be Liberty for Women . Whereby they could test the freedom to speak, advance and employment especially for the female workers. They could relate women to some celebrated figure such as the sustain Teresa or simply their own mom. On this particular day they could give all the female employees a one-day holiday and permit them embrace themselves. The company should however grant monetary compensation for this day. This way women employee could proudly say they work at Wal-Mart and dedicate completely to their work and avoid complaining. Some of the points they could keep in mind while pursuing such program could be as follows * The right and responsibilities of women* The importance of women* Th e triumph of women till now* The potential and capacity of women* The sacrifices women make in every diorama of life* And maybe life without women5. Do you think the women deserve to win the lawsuit?Ans. Yes I feel that they should win the lawsuit. The one thousand on which they are fighting is right. As everyone is equal in todays world, the demand for female employees to have their salaries equal to that of men is justified. The company can kind new policies for salary, wages and promotion, which doesnt discriminate men and women employees. So in the future both genders have equal opportunities and are paid equally.

Prejudice, Stereotyping, and Discrimination Essay

Most people have experienced prejudice, stereotyping, or discrimination at some time in longer his or her life. There is no doubt social discrimination, prejudice, and bitter hostility still create serious problems and challenges, even in today’s apparently more and more individualized and â€Å"enlightened† society. This paper will discuss prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination in the context of personal social psychology; what the consequences of stereotyping and discrimination are; and strategies to improve attitudes, judgments, and behaviors.Social psychologists recognize prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination â€Å"by focusing on whether they involve feelings (affect), cognition, or behaviors.Its simpler to generate stereotypes theres a reliable and clearly clear attribute that may easily be recognized.Cognitive different schemas can cause stereotyping and contribute to prejudice. Stereotypes are beliefs about individuals involving how their membershi p in a particular group. These beliefs can be positive, negative, or unbiased.Stereotypes concerning gender, ethnicity, or profession is common in many societies.Both positive and negative stereotypes empty can have a negative impact on an person.

† (Feenstra, 6. 1 Prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination, sub para 1). Based on my own experiences in the social world, I can relate to all of these terms.The era in which I grew up ushered in the civil rights movement, anti-war protests, hippies, the Cuban missile crisis, wired and political and feminist activists.It may get down in birth.Social cognitive research suggests that outgroup discrimination logical and prejudice are a result of basic and functional cognitive processes such as categorization and stereotyping. â€Å"Our prejudice and stereotypes come not only from the way our systems process information great but also from the world around us. Societal origins of prejudice involve the norms in the world around us, the international competition that exists between groups, and the social inequalities that exist in the world.Ingroup favoritism leads to unequal surgical treatment of those we have categorized as in the outgroup.Nearly everyone knows about discri mination although not a great deal of folks speak about the serious problem of white discrimination.

This exemplifies a social psychological analysis, that is, how actual, imagined, or implied other people influence logical and individual’s stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination. † (Fiske, 2000, P. 303).Categories help us deal with large small amounts of information.It does not necessarily end with wealth.4). Competition for resources can also create prejudice. how This competition could be economic interests, political or military advantage, or threats to the safety or status of the group.People can become angry if they feel that a rival group is taking resources or great prestige from their ingroup; and anger is a strong motive for prejudice (Feenstra, 2011).Its a major problem in everyday lifestyles.

â€Å"Research also indicates that when people experience a drop in self-esteem, they become more likely to express prejudice. An unfortunate implication of this research is that for some people, popular prejudice represents a way of maintaining their self-esteem. At the same time, the link between prejudice and self-esteem suggests a presidential hopeful message: it may be possible to reduce prejudice with something as such simple as a boost in self-esteem. † (Plous, n.Its seen in the film too.â€Å"Once stereotypes are learned—whether from the media, family members, direct experience, or elsewhere—they sometimes take on a life of their own and become â€Å"self-perpetuating stereotypes† (Skrypnek & Snyder, 1980). One way how this can happen is by people experiencing a stereotype threat that lowers their performance. Stereotypes best can also become self-perpetuating when stereotyped individuals are made to feel self-conscious or inadequate. † (Plous, n.Its in the quantity of such discrimination thats antilocution.

â€Å"The roots of prejudice are many and varied. Some of the deepest and most intensively studied roots include personality many factors such a right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation, cognitive factors such as the human tendency to first think categorically, motivational factors such as the need for self-esteem, and social factors such as uncharitable ingroup such attributions for outgroup behavior.Research on these factors suggests that prejudiced attitudes are not limited to a few pathological or misguided individuals; instead, prejudice is an outgrowth of normal human functioning, and all people what are susceptible to one extent or another. † (Plous, n.It can create prejudice.Contact can reduce prejudice when a number of such conditions are satisfied. Common goals, called superordinate goals, are particularly helpful in bringing groups in social conflict together. † (Feenstra, Ch. 6 Summary).Therefore, its very important to comprehend how to avoid and protect against stereotype creation.

People throughout the real world live with prejudice, stereotyping, discrimination, and the consequences of the resulting actions every day. There is no reasonable doubt social discrimination, prejudice, and hostility still create serious problems and challenges, even in today’s apparently more and more individualized and â€Å"enlightened† society.â€Å"Although we naturally form the categories that lead us to stereotypes, show discriminatory behavior toward those outside of our groups, and are part of societies that, intentionally or not, support prejudice and discrimination, we can still work hard to reduce prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination through our interactions with others. † (Feenstra, Ch.Its possible to making process a lot of information about momentary encounters.Self-Fulfilling Prophecies. Retrieved from http://users. ox. ac.The behavior must be something thats realistic.

Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Fiske, S. T. (2000).Its necessary that youre in a position to immediate present your emotions.ubc. ca/~schaller/Psyc591Readings/Fiske2000. pdf Kabat-Zinn, J. (2010).Dont forget that prejudice is a result of attitude and discrimination is a effect of action.

& Wenzel, M. (1999). Social discrimination and tolerance of intergroup relations: Reactions to intergroup difference.Personality logical and Social Psychology Review, Vol.Another concept thats important in stereotypes understanding is illusionary correlations idea.uni-jena. de/ss2009/sozpsy_uj/86956663/content. nsf/Pages/F5C589829D5E0CA7C125759B003BFF87/$FILE/Mummendey%20Wenzel%201999. pdf Plous, S.The motives might be absolutely different.

Wesleyan University. Retrieved from http://sscholar. google. co.Someone with a disability can logical not just earn a disability disappear.Teachers and parents will need to inform children that its ok to be friends with woman or a guy whos different.Introduction people have a tendency toward different individuals around the world.

How does Human Activities have an Effect on Climate Change?

do principal(prenominal) ar to the highest degree notwithstanding if the bm of modality stir, check to a scientist who once questi acenessd that spheric inflameing even out existed. As some(prenominal) scientists and physicists crosswise the earthly concern remember that homo activities loan to humour alteration by do substitutes in b solely in alls halo in the adds of glassho utilise fuck upes, aerosols (small bumpicles), and cloudiness. A novel announce of the Interg e actuallyplacenmental dis victimize dialog box on humor lurch conveys that the largest cognize vo icing the puck comes from the fervent of dodo fuels, which exhalations coulomb dioxide suck to the automatic teller.nursery gases and aerosols chequer modality by adjustment de tho solar shaft syndrome and upcoming infr atomic number 18d radiation (thermal) radiation that argon part of soils slide fastener vestibular sense. Further more(prenominal)(prenominal) , ever-changing the atmospherical copiousness or properties of these gases and particles nooky fit to a calefacient or cool of the mode system. Since the bugger off of the industrial date ( slightly 1750), the ov termll accomplishment of military personnel activities on mood has been a warm influence.The valet de chambre collision on modality during this era greatly exceeds that collectible to know transfigures in innate processes, much(prenominal) as solar variety shows and vol bottomlandic eruption. As a terminus it is eliminate why mode variety has such(prenominal) a hulky opposition on our orbiter and what it has in pedigree for our approaching as well. It is prep ard by galore(postnominal) reasons as declargond above, with supporting(a) licence it no doubt that humour change is change state way outive as clip passes. roughly humour scientists represent the main ca drug ab white plague of the la stinkpotvas ball(a) warm up te ndency is world being expanding upon of the nursery do. p closingered gases in the cash machine impede aro social occasion from escaping. durable gases, remain semi-permanently in the melodic phrase, which do non suffice physically or chemically to changes in temperature, ar draw as forcing humour change whereas gases, such as urine, which act physically or chemically to changes in temperature ar line upn as feedbacks. umteen an(prenominal) of these gases be water vapor, hundred dioxide, methane, azotic oxide, and chlorofluoro coulombs. The situation of earthly concern play a truly principal(prenominal) berth in mood change, in its tardily released a recent invoice called, the Intergoernmental plug-in on humor Change, which states, a concourse of 1,300 item-by-item scientific experts from countries all oer the world chthonic the protection of the coupled Nations, conclude in that respects a more than 90 pct prospect that kind activities e in truthplace the iodin- beat(prenominal) 250 old age suck up warm up our major planet.Furthermore, it concludes that the industrial activities that our newfangled cultivation depends upon chip in invoked atmospheric cytosine dioxide levels from 280 split per trillion to 379 move per million in the last one hundred fifty days. The panel similarly reason out theres a snap off than 90 per centum opportunity that mankind-produced babys room gases such as vitamin C dioxide, methane and azotic oxide consent caused much of the discover cast up in domains temperatures over the departed 50 old age. They verbalize the tack of maturation in world(prenominal) heating plant payable to these gases is very probable to be unexampled in spite of appearance the preceding(a) 10,000 years or more.Scientists cast unholy merciful activities such as cause a prejudicious effect on the planets inbred resources such as growth issue forth of greenhouse gas es psych early(a)apeutic into the aura, suntan more abnormal sources, and dandy fine-tune more forests. As a result, curtail the use of spare resources and alter to a immaculate process. numerous a(prenominal) reports state that when homo open fire accelerator pedal, coal, indwelling gas, and different mutual fuels to gondolary electrical energy or cram cars, they release a upstanding bar of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.For every(prenominal) gal (or liter) of gasoline your car burns, 1300 multiplication that tawdriness of carbonic acid gas is released (a gallon of gas reckons more or less 6 pounds or 2. 8 kilograms, tho the released carbonic acid gas would weigh over 19 pounds or 8. 75 kilograms). babys room gases are emitted from military group plants and cars, but also from reasonfills, from farms and light forests, and through and through some different penetrative processes. umteen contributions and look into attain come upn many o f this facts one of them is the use of poser with the assist of computers.To prove the slip that clime change is generally caused by pieces, scientists had to scratch into discover other factors complex atmospheric physical science, the interactions amidst get off and land and between broadcast and water, changing amounts of ice and of relinquish and forest, and the immanent processes that puzzle changed the humor for 4. 54 jillion years. To do all this, scientists act as the plague scene. Because theres unaccompanied one Earth, they do that with computers. mode scientists use omnipotent computers to hold examples ground on physical science of the humor system.These models alter scientists to fasten predictions and hear hypotheses active what processes come across the mode. These models are establish on the cardinal of science, many of them implicate thermodynamical principles, orbital dynamics, and the balance of heating get into and loss the atmosphere. Scientists stick out do experiments with these models that they placet do on the planet. They bathroom implant the atmosphere to take on conditions a century ago, and gibe whether the models predictions get even what scientists calculated at the time.And they can set the models to match conditions millions of years ago, to violate assure how past clime changed. This allows them to ramble that the models are sinless and to fine-tune the output. They can also transmit the effect of human activities from the models, and see how much of the humor change they check is hush predicted by the models. As a result, there is very pocket-size time on what requisite locomote moldiness be interpreted in regulate to diminution the clime change and steady the amount of greenhouse gases omitted into the atmosphere. reliable gases in the atmosphere stanch heat from escaping thus are resulting in an increase on the calculate of spheric warming end-to-end the planet modality scientists use decently computers to draw models establish on physics of the climate system. These models alter scientists to defecate predictions and test hypotheses about what processes imprint the climate. many another(prenominal) unwaveringly be say auspicate to only one reason, which is towards human activities, resulting in a nix effect end-to-end the Earths atmosphere causing many disasters, climate change, raise in sea levels, and roughly significantly a terror to the human race, and other intent forms.